Conditional Sentences

Conditional Sentences

Conditional sentences are statements discussing known factors or hypothetical situations and their consequences. Complete conditional sentences contain a conditional clause (often referred to as the if-clause) and the consequence. Consider the following sentences:

- If a certain condition is true, then a particular result happens.

- I would travel around the world if I won the lottery.

 
What Are the Different Types of Conditional Sentences? There are four different types of conditional sentences in English. Each expresses a different degree of probability that a situation will occur or would have occurred under certain circumstances.

• Zero Conditional Sentences
• First Conditional Sentences
• Second Conditional Sentences
• Third Conditional Sentences

Zero Conditional Sentences

Zero conditional sentences express general truths—situations in which one thing always causes another. When you use a zero conditional, you’re talking about a general truth rather than a specific instance of something. Consider the following examples:

      a. If you don’t brush your teeth, you get cavities.

      b. When people smoke cigarettes, their health suffers.

First Conditional Sentences

First conditional sentences are used to express situations in which the outcome is likely (but not guaranteed) to happen in the future. Look at the examples below:

1. Nature: Open condition, what is said in the condition is possible.
2. Time: This condition refers either to present or to future time.
   e.g. If he is late, we will have to go without him.
   If my mother knows about this, we are in serious trouble.

Second Conditional Sentences

Second conditional sentences are useful for expressing outcomes that are completely unrealistic or will not likely happen in the future. Consider the examples below:

1. Nature: unreal (impossible) or improbable situations.
2. Time: present; the TENSE is past, but we are talking about the present, now.
   e.g. If I knew her name, I would tell you.
   If I were you, I would tell my father.
   Compare: If I become president, I will change the social security system. (Said by a presidential candidate)
   If I became president, I would change the social security system. (Said by a schoolboy: improbable)
   If we win this match, we are qualified for the semifinals.
   If I won a million pounds, I would stop teaching. (improbable)

Third Conditional Sentences

Third conditional sentences are used to explain that present circumstances would be different if something different had happened in the past. Look at the following examples:

1. Nature: unreal
2. Time: Past (so we are talking about a situation that was not so in the past.)
   e.g. If you had warned me, I would not have told your father about that party.(But you didn't, and I have). 

Quetions

1.  You wouldn’t pass the examination unless you ……..… hard

      A. Studiying                       C. Study

      B. Studied                           D. Studite

2.  If she had taken the bus, she .... not have arrived on time.

A.    Can                              C.  Was

B.    Would                         D.  Could

3.  If he ……..… well, he would win the game

       A. Play                            C. Playing

       B. Played                        D. Plays

4.  If you had been sick, you ……..… some medicine

      A. Would have taken      C. Would had take

      B. Could have taken         D. Could had taken

5.  If we don’t try to save the Borobudur temple, we ……..…

      A. will losed                     C. Could lose it

      B. would lose it                D. Will lose it

SOURCE

http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/conditional2.htm

https://www.grammarly.com/blog/conditional-sentences/